Banks and Financial Institutions use cryptography pervasively to protect data, communications and processes. In a hierarchy of value, there will be keys critical to the core functioning of a bank – typically associated with card payment schemes (issuing and acquiring) and ATM and POS networks. These are the “keys to the kingdom”. Theft or misuse of these keys would be catastrophic. However, modern IT practice means that these keys need to be made available to applications and processes both inside and outside the bank.
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